Transformational Leadership in Taiwans Transition free essay sample

He once studied in Kyoto University when Taiwan was then part of Japan. After World War II, after the Republic of China (ROC) took over Taiwan, Lee enrolled in National Taiwan University and received his B. S. degree in agricultural science. He earned his M. S. degree in agricultural economics from the Iowa State University, and a Ph. D. in agricultural economics from Cornell University. Lee’s life experience has not only given him an open-minded heart, but produced him â€Å"a spiritual passion made up of equal parts Zen Buddhist philosophy and nineteenth-century Western anti-rationalism†, so writes Dr. Richard C. Kagan, the author of the book. From the book, Lee can best be described as a pragmatic democrat; in other words, while possessing a general sense of the ideals of democracy, he was ready to compromise them when he felt it necessary for his political survival. Most importantly, he possessed the necessary abilities to maximize his leadership role. We will write a custom essay sample on Transformational Leadership in Taiwans Transition or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He was able to set the agenda, to build coalitions, to mobilize the public, to select the timing of actions, to make use of the resources of the system, to foster a discourse of legitimacy, and to maintain a balance among contradictory forces. All of these showed Lee’s flexible social skills and enabled him not only to maintain the dominant status of the KMT (Kuomintang, the Nationalist Party) much longer into the process than would have been expected, but also to exert influence on subsequent political developments through new means. Some studies combined the goal-oriented and the tactical analyses to give a picture of Lee as a â€Å"transformational leader†. As society transformed, Lee transformed along with it, and he matched himself to the societys needs at each period. On the one hand, he was channeled by changing circumstances and, at the same time, he affected the direction and pace of change. Accommodating himself to shifting conditions, the relative priority he assigned to furthering substantive goals or to building his own position varied over time, as did his strategies for achieving both ends. Lee has great extraversion and conscientiousness in his personality. He asserted near the end of his term that he had three major goals as president: democratization, localization, and strengthening Taiwans international status. All of these goals were Taiwan-centered, based on its specific history. Through the Japanese colonial rule and the KMT authoritarian regime, Taiwan had never experienced true democracy, nor had the Taiwanese people, even the elites, ever been in control of their own affairs. As a result of the China-centric agenda of the KMT, and, in particular, its claim to represent all of China in the international arena, Taiwan had been excluded from the United Nations since 1971 and lost most of its formal diplomatic recognition, throwing it into an international limbo. Lee had referred to these elements collectively as the sorrow of being a Taiwanese, and he later stated that his historical mission was to reverse all of them. His charisma, assertions, and vision made Taiwan’s people â€Å"see the future† and have the motive to change, which is in accordance with 4 I’s in Transformational Leadership Model. In short, Lee is a transformational leader with transformational leadership style. Despite the page limitation, I still would like to mention the most important accomplishment for me during his presidency: apology for the 228 massacre. The 228 Massacre was led by the ROC government. It is believed that estimates of the number of deaths can be up to 100,000 or more, which is a quite considerable number compared to the population of Taiwan, around 6 million, at that time. This incident snuffed out the hope of Taiwan’s people that they might be allowed to set up their own government after Japanese empire collapsed and gave the rulership to the ROC government in 1945. It also marked the beginning of the KMTs White Terror period in Taiwan, in which tens of thousands more inhabitants died, vanished, or were imprisoned. The 228 massacre has been a taboo for decades even until now, and become one of the most important events in Taiwans modern history. On the anniversary of the event in 1995, Lee made a formal apology on behalf of the government: As the head of state, bearing the burden of mistakes made by the government and expressing the most sincere apology, I believe that with your forgiving hearts, we are able to transform the sadness into armony and peace. February 28 was also declared a day to commemorate the victims since then. It cannot be denied that Lee Teng-Hui has played a pivotal role in Taiwans political development, once again proving that leadership is a critical factor in democratization. Indeed, his remarkable political skills enabled him to influence the rules of the game and thus become an independent variable, a â€Å"transformational leader. During his twelve years as president, Lee oversaw the remarkable progress of Taiwan from an authoritarian regime to a new free-wheeling democracy, while sustaining high levels of economic growth and social stability. Strikingly, Lee and the KMT were able to successfully remain in power throughout the transition, leading many observers to treat the outcome as predetermined. However, the historical record shows that it was not, but that many specific factors, including the manner in which Lee maneuvered to maintain his position, created the conditions for this process. Lee balanced his three primary goals of democratization, localization, and strengthening Taiwans international status with the necessities of acquiring and keeping political power. He used a variety of tactics, including shifts in both his alliances and in his discourse, managing to maintain different equilibrium points at each key juncture. Although Taiwan under Lee succeeded in ending the authoritarian in old regime, the new democracy thus formed remains not fully consolidated, and Lees legacy is still evolving in the â€Å"post-Lee Teng-Hui era. †

Cyber Security Persuasive Essay Sample

Cyber Security Persuasive Essay SampleA cyber security persuasive essay sample provides you with the ability to effectively capture readers' attention and get them to read your work. Cyber security arguments tend to be very technical and detailed, as well as challenging. Therefore, if you need to persuade a reader about the importance of online security and why you should do everything in your power to protect their security then this is the type of persuasive essay you want to create. This kind of writing is probably the most difficult of all persuasion styles because it requires an open mind that is willing to take the time to really understand what the writer is trying to do.A cyber security persuasive essay sample is not the only way to promote online security and get people to agree with your opinion. There are many other ways to talk about online security. The first thing you must remember when talking about the subject is that everyone is not a computer geek. Most people are g oing to have a basic understanding of the basics of computers and therefore, they can give an honest opinion about security issues without being computer illiterate.The next thing you should do is make sure you write the essay sample as if it were a speech given by an authority. This means you should present yourself as someone who has knowledge, experience, and training and could really speak on behalf of the subject of cyber security. If you are talking about something which is controversial you should speak from a position of authority.Another reason to make sure that you write your essay sample as if it were a speech is because you want to grab the attention of the reader and draw them in. With a computer you are constantly surrounded by information, so it makes sense to grab their attention as well. When writing a persuasive essay you need to keep your points in perspective because you are trying to influence other people's decisions and therefore, you need to keep things clear and concise. You also want to be professional but you are not there to sell anything.A cyber security persuasive essay sample can be written in a number of different styles. For example, you can use language such as statistics, or facts, or math. You can even use graphs and charts to provide a good basis for your essay. If you want to make your message seem more personal you can choose to use the names of people or organizations.In order to use a cyber security persuasive essay sample you should come up with something to relate to the reader. As a general rule, try to relate the issues and concerns that you feel are critical to your own experiences. Of course, you should always try to research any information you use for this essay. It is your job to tell people why you believe it is important for them to do their part and help to prevent cyber attacks.In conclusion, it is important to remember that a persuasive essay is just that: persuasive. Therefore, you should make sure you un derstand what the topic of the essay is, and make sure you present yourself as an expert on the topic. Once you do this you will not only succeed in writing a persuasive essay, but you will find yourself talking about the subject a lot more often than you would have otherwise.

Oscillation and Periodic Motion in Physics

Oscillation and Periodic Motion in Physics Oscillation refers to the repeated back and forth movement of something between two positions or states. An oscillation can be a periodic motion that repeats itself in a regular cycle, such as a sine wave- a wave with perpetual motion as in the side-to-side swing of a pendulum, or the up-and-down motion of a spring with a weight. An oscillating movement occurs around an equilibrium point or mean value. It is also known as periodic motion. A single oscillation is a complete movement, whether up and down or side to side, over a period of time. Oscillators An oscillator is a device that exhibits motion around an equilibrium point. In a pendulum clock, there is a change from potential energy to kinetic energy with each swing. At the top of the swing, potential energy is at maximum, and that energy is converted to kinetic energy as it falls and is driven back up the other side. Now again at the top, kinetic energy has dropped to zero, and potential energy is high again, powering the return swing. The frequency of the swing is translated via gears to mark time. A pendulum will lose energy over time to friction if the clock isnt corrected by a spring. Modern timepieces use the vibrations of quartz and electronic oscillators, rather than the movement of pendulums. Oscillating Motion An oscillating motion in a mechanical system is swinging side to side. It can be translated into a rotary motion (turning around in a circle) by a peg-and-slot. Rotary motion can be changed to oscillating motion by the same method. Oscillating Systems An oscillating system is an object that moves back and forth, repeatedly returning to its initial state after a period of time. At the equilibrium point, no net forces are acting on the object. This is the point in the pendulum swing when its in a vertical position. A constant force or a restoring force acts on the object to produce the oscillating motion. Variables of Oscillation Amplitude is the maximum displacement from the equilibrium point. If a pendulum swings one centimeter from the equilibrium point before beginning its return journey, the amplitude of oscillation is one centimeter.Period is the time it takes for a complete round trip by the object, returning to its initial position. If a pendulum starts on the right and takes one second to travel all the way to the left and another second to return to the right, its period is two seconds. ​Period is usually measured in seconds.Frequency is the number of cycles per unit of time. Frequency equals one divided by the period. Frequency is measured in Hertz, or cycles per second. Simple Harmonic Motion The motion of a simple harmonic oscillating system- when the restoring force is directly proportional to that of the displacement and acts in the direction opposite to that of displacement- can be described using sine and cosine functions. An example is a weight attached to a spring. When the weight is at rest, its in equilibrium. If the weight is drawn down, theres a net restoring force on the mass (potential energy). When its released, it gains momentum (kinetic energy) and keeps moving beyond the equilibrium point, gaining potential energy (restoring force) that will drive it in oscillating down again. Sources and Further Reading Fitzpatrick, Richard. Oscillations and Waves: An Introduction, 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2019.  Mittal, P.K. Oscillations, Waves and Acoustics. New Delhi, India: I.K. International Publishing House, 2010.

Abiotic and Biotic Stresses

Abiotic and Biotic Stresses What causes a plant to be stressed? As with humans, stresses can originate from the surrounding environment or, they can come from living organisms that can cause disease or damage. Water Stress One of the most important abiotic stresses affecting plants is water stress. A plant requires a certain amount of water for its optimal survival; too much water (flooding stress) can cause plant cells to swell and burst; whereas drought stress (too little water) can cause the plant to dry up, a condition called desiccation. Either condition can be deadly to the plant. Temperature Stress Temperature stresses can also wreak havoc on a plant. As with any living organism, a plant has an optimal temperature range at which it grows and performs best. If the temperature is too cold for the plant, it can lead to cold stress, also called chilling stress. Extreme forms of cold stress can lead to freezing stress. Cold temperatures can affect the amount and rate of uptake of water and nutrients, leading to cell desiccation and starvation. Under extremely cold conditions, the cell liquids can freeze outright, causing plant death. Hot weather can affect plants adversely, too. Intense heat can cause plant cell proteins to break down, a process called denaturation. Cell walls and membranes can also melt under extremely high temperatures, and the permeability of the membranes is affected. Other Abiotic Stresses Other abiotic stresses are less obvious but can be equally as lethal. In the end, most abiotic stresses affect the plant cells in the same manner as do water stress and temperature stress. Wind stress can either directly damage the plant through sheer force; or, the wind can affect the transpiration of water through the leaf stomata and cause desiccation. Direct burning of plants through wildfires will cause the cell structure to break down through melting or denaturation. In farming systems, the addition of agrochemicals such as fertilizers and pesticides, either in excess or in deficit, can also cause abiotic stress to the plant. The plant is affected by an imbalance of nutrition or via toxicity. High amounts of salt taken up by a plant can lead to cell desiccation, as elevated levels of salt outside a plant cell will cause water to leave the cell, a process called osmosis. Plant uptake of heavy metals can occur when plants grow in soils fertilized with improperly composted sewage sludge. High heavy metal content in plants can lead to complications with basic physiological and biochemical activities such as photosynthesis. Biotic Stresses Biotic stresses cause damage to plants via living organisms, including fungi, bacteria, insects, and weeds. Viruses, although they are not considered to be living organisms, also cause biotic stress to plants. Fungi cause more diseases in plants than any other biotic stress factor. Over 8,000 fungal species are known to cause plant disease. On the other hand, only about 14 bacterial genera cause economically important diseases in plants, according to an Ohio State University Extension publication. Not many plant pathogenic viruses exist, but they are serious enough to cause nearly as much crop damage worldwide as fungi, according to published estimates. Microorganisms can cause plant wilt, leaf spots, root rot, or seed damage. Insects can cause severe physical damage to plants, including the leaves, stem, bark, and flowers. Insects can also act as a vector of viruses and bacteria from infected plants to healthy plants. The method by which weeds, considered as unwanted and unprofitable plants, inhibit the growth of desirable plants such as crops or flowers is not by direct damage, but by competing with the desirable plants for space and nutrients. Because weeds grow quickly and produce an abundance of viable seed, they are often able to dominate environments more quickly than some desirable plants.

PAPER ASSIGNMENT Part2 Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ASSIGNMENT Part2 - Research Paper Example This paper gives a detailed analysis of the building with focus on the materials used in its construction, form, size, number of rooms, historical background. The building’s location, political, social, economic significance is also covered. The construction of the current building known as the Buckingham Palace started in 1703 after William Winde developed its design (Mellett 196). Since then, it has undergone several remodeling and renovation phases that have led to its current form. Despite its old age, the building looks attractive and glamorous courtesy of the high profile type of materials used in its construction. In particular, the building was built using quality materials that include stones, limestone, natural artifacts, bright colored scagllola, concentrated cement, ballast, strong metal and creamy scheme. The materials have enabled it to remain stable to date. Its designers were keen to developing a building that would stay new and strong for long a fact that was indisputable. The building is located in the city of Westminster, and it acts as the official residence of the UKs monarchy. It also serves as the Monarch’s principal workplace where he discharges his official functions (Mellett 196). Many leaders have been using the building due to its quality, design, and strategic location. Preference of the building by the subsequent leaders is attributable to its spacious nature, quality, superior design, and serene location. Similarly, it has several rooms that are fully furnished with pertinent incentives that support good life. Buckingham Palace is a well-structured building that measures 24 meters in height and sits on over 77,000m square meters of floor space. It has a large garden that accommodates many vehicles and various activities. The palace has over 775 rooms that are well fitted with quality fixtures and fittings that are ever attractive (Mellett 197). The rooms include 19

Writing a critique Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Writing a critique - Assignment Example One of the most notable depictions of Othello was took place in 1988 at the Market Theatre in Johannesburg, South Africa. In this play, director Janet Suzman uses Shakespeare’s Othello as means of addressing the divisive South African issue of apartheid. This essay functions as a critique of Suzman’s interpretation of Shakespeare’s Othello the Merchant of Venice, with specific emphasis on the play’s function as an underlining metaphor for South African apartheid and racial tension. One of the first instances one witnesses director Suzman’s thematic intentions occurs when Othello first comes on stage. While the appearance the racial clash between Othello and Desdemona’s father Brabanzio always makes this a dramatically compelling scene, Suzman’s Othello is more than simply non-white. Actor John Kani is also non-European, with clear African descent. It’s not difficult to ascertain that this choice has been made deliberately to align the Othello character with Africans facing apartheid. Indeed, a number of critics have noted Suzman’s use of Kani’s non-European, African descent in this regard as, â€Å"a South African actor whose first language is not English and who therefore not only looked but – more than black British and American Othellos – sounded different† (Hankey, pg. 93). It’s this Afrikanerdom that Kani exudes which sets Suzamn’s Othello on a trajectory that situates the play n ot as concerned with the inter-racial relationship tensions as much as its 20th century overarching political concerns. While this critique does not function as a literary analysis, there are a number of notable characterizations of Suzman’s contemporary overarching political concerns that coincide with Shakespeare’s text. For instance, when Barbanzio encounters the all-white, general counsel about Othello’s marriage to Desdemonia, Othello is characterized as having utilized magic or illicit methods to gain

Impact of Parenting Styles: A Review

Impact of Parenting Styles: A Review Farah Nazneen Impact of Parenting Style in Bangladesh: A  Systematic Review Introduction Parents are teachers, guiders, leaders, protectors, and providers for their children. Our behavior, thought, motivation, belief, value, personality etc all are directly or indirectly depend on our parenting style. Research on parenting style is so important to determine the positive impact and negative impact on children. There are mainly four types of parenting styles. They are: Authoritative parenting style Authoritarian parenting style Permissive parenting Style Uninvolved parenting style Figure 1: Types of parenting style Bangladesh is a small south Asian country. Very few research has been conducted on the general picture of parenting style in Bangladesh. The majority of the research shown that there are positive correlation between parental acceptance and positive personal characteristics of children. Figure 2: Parents of Bangladesh The Review Information about the Studies: For the review 6 original papers of Bangladesh were selected based on the research on parenting style. All of the research was conducted through quantitative method. The samples (in total 744) of the studies were both school children and adult person. Table 1 depicts the studies with necessary information such as sample size, design, variables studied, data analysis techniques and results. Table 1. Description of the Studies Impact on Personality: Parental rejection can influence our personality (Shahid et al. 2009). In an investigation researcher found significant positive correlation of maternal rejection and neuroticism (anger, loneliness, anxiety, and depression) of adults. But they found no significant correlation between paternal rejection and neuroticism. It may be because in Bangladeshi culture mother used to play all the roles of child rearing and father only play the role in economic wellbeing of family. So father rejection merely affect the childs personality (Shahid et al. 2009). On the other hand, it was found that there is a significant positive correlation between paternal rejection and psychoticism. People with psychoticism have biological causes rather than neuroticism. Therefore, for biological causes, person would be less able to cope with the negative experience like paternal rejection (where some of the participants gave less priority to paternal rejection). That could be the possible explanation of positive correlation between paternal rejection and psychoticism (Shahid et al. 2009). It was also found that there is a negative correlation between parental (both paternal and maternal) rejection and extraversion (being outgoing, talkative, high on positive affect). As parental rejection is negative experience that may prevent them to be high on positive affect (Shahid et al. 2009). This study work with only 3 categories of personality. Further studies are needed to find the correlation between parenting style and other categories of personality like as introversion, openness,conscientiousness,agreeableness etc. Impact on Cognitive Emotion Regulation In an investigation among children researchers found that authoritative parenting was the strongest predictor of overall adaptive emotion regulation while authoritarian parenting was the strongest predictor of overall less adaptive emotion regulation. Permissive parenting has no impact on adaptive and less adaptive emotion regulation (Karim et al. 2013). This study offers some inconsistent results. Here, authoritarian parenting contributes significantly in both the adaptive and less adaptive cognitive emotion regulations. This was unpredicted and failed to explain by the present data. Marital adjustment of parents can also affect the cognitive emotion regulation of children. Because due to marital adjustment balance of parenting style between mother and father could vary. As better marital adjustment of parents help children to handle the negative experiences it is strongly and positively associated with childs adaptive emotion regulation (acceptance, positive refocusing, refocus on planning, positive reappraisal and putting into perspective strategies) and negatively with childs overall less adaptive emotion regulation (self-blame, rumination or focus on thought, catastrophizing, and blaming others strategies) (Ansary and Karim, 2011). Research evidence also shown that fathers positive affect (enthusiasm, active, and alert) is strongly and positively associated with childs overall adaptive emotion regulation; and negatively associated with childs overall less adaptive emotion regulation (Ansary and Karim, 2011). But in the case of mother it is little bit difference. Mothers positive affect and negative affect were not significantly associate with childs overall adaptive cognitive emotion regulation. In the case of less adaptive cognitive emotion regulation picture is different, researcher found strong positive association (Ansary and Karim, 2011). Impact on Self-esteem: In a research it was proved that parental rejection is significantly and positively correlated with lower self-esteem of person (Yasmin and Hossain, 2014). This result also suggests thatmaternalrejectionhasgreaterimpactonselfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ esteemthanpaternalrejection. However sample size of this research is so poor only 60. Which is not sufficient to generalize the finding. Again maternal rejection as a good predictor of self-esteem in early adulthood in which self-esteem had significant negative correlation with remembrance of maternal rejection in childhood (Din and Huque, 2013). In this research they didn’t see the effect of paternal rejection in early adulthood. Impact on life-satisfaction: Yasmin and Hossain (2014) shown that both maternal and paternal involvement in childhoodisimportanttodevelopoffspring’slifesatisfactioninadulthood. This result also suggests thatmaternalrejectionhasgreaterimpactonlife satisfactionthanpaternalrejection. However sample size of this research is so poor only 60. Which is not sufficient to generalize the finding. Impact on Academic Achievement: In a study with tribal and non-tribal student researchers found significant negative correlations between both maternal and paternal acceptance scores and academic achievement scores. It was also found from the results of the study that there were significant differences in maternal acceptance, paternal acceptance and academic achievement between tribal and non tribal children. That is, non tribal children were more maternally accepted, more paternally accepted and showed higher academic achievement as compared to their tribal counterpart (Aktar, Shahrier, and Rahaman, 2013). Conclusions Existing literature on parenting style of Bangladesh shown relatively same findings. Most of the research approved the positive impact on children for acceptance parenting style and negative impact due to rejected parenting style. Parental acceptance help to develop our positive aspect of personality and adaptive cognitive emotion regulation, increase self-esteem and life (Shahid et al. 2009; Karim, Sharafat, and Mahmud, 2013; Yasmin and Hossain, 2014; and Din and Huque, 2013). But in the case of academic achievement we get controversial finding from other research in different culture. In the study of tribal and non-tribal children parental acceptance does not facilitate child’s academic achievement (Aktar, Shahrier, and Rahaman, 2013). May be our educational system failed to evaluate our children in terms of academic achievement. Further studies are needed to establish a clear relationship between parenting style and academic achievement, and evaluating academic achievement. All of the research on parenting style were conducted with few samples. Here highest sample size was only 206. Few sample is not reliable tool to predict the nature of parenting style especially in survey research. The research finding of above studies are failed to generalize the overall finding for large population of Bangladesh. Again participants of the research are presentable for different class of people in our society like age, race, socio-economic status, occupation, locality etc. There are also no broad, reliable research on overall population of Bangladesh to establish norm of general parenting style in Bangladesh. Again most of the research in parenting style are conducted on quantitative research method. Qualitative research on parenting style could facilitate to understand the cause of different impact of parenting style in the context of Bangladesh. In conclusion further research is needed on this sector to establish a clear relationship between parenting style and positive impact on children. So parent’s awareness in raising child could be increase. We can also work with different types of variables related to parenting style. References Aktar, R., Shahrier, M. A., Rahaman, M. M. (2013). Parental acceptance and academic achievement of tribal and non-tribal children of Bangladesh. Journal of Life and Earth Science, 8, 31-39. Ansary, T. M., Karim, A. K. M. R. (2011). Cognitive emotion regulation in children as predicted by parents marital adjustment and their nature of affect. Bangladesh Psychological Studies, 21, 1-16. Din, F. A., Huque, P. (2013). Maternal rejection in childhood: its effect on self-esteem in early adulthood. Bangladesh Psychological Studies, 23, 15-28. Karim, A. K, M. R., Sharafat, T., Mahmud, A. Y. (2013). Cognitive emotion regulation in children as related to their parenting style, family type and gender. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science, 39(2), 211-220. Shahid, S. F. B., Mullick, M. S. I., Nahar, J. S., Naher, J., Khan, S., Morshed, N. M., Shah, M. A., Qusar, M. M. A. S. (2009). Relationship between Parental Rejection and Personality. BSMMU Journal, 2(2), 61-65. Yasmin, S., Hossain, A. (2014). Relation of parental rejection with selfà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ esteem and life satisfaction of young adults. Dhaka University Journal of Biological Science, 23(1), 69-76.